La découverte de réserves géantes dans l’océan Pacifique pourrait briser le monopole chinois.
C’est une guerre politique, économique, industrielle et financière. C’est surtout une guerre des nerfs. Dans le rôle du méchant : l’ogre chinois, accusé depuis plusieurs années de monopole sur le commerce des terres rares, constituées de 17 minéraux aux noms latins, tels que cérium, dysprosium, sélénium, terbium, et autres yttrium. Dans le rôle des victimes : la quasi-totalité du reste du monde industrialisé. Un monde à la merci d’une Chine qui fait la pluie et le beau temps sur le commerce de ces fameuses terres rares.
Depuis lundi, une découverte majeure a changé la donne du petit monde de ces métaux précieux qu’on retrouve dans les voitures hybrides, les moteurs des trains à grande vitesse, les GPS, les écrans LCD ou tactiles, les éoliennes, les téléphones portables… A plus de 3 000 mètres de fond, dans l’océan Pacifique, des scientifiques japonais ont fait, selon le dernier numéro de la revue britannique Nature Geoscience, une découverte qui pourrait potentiellement bouleverser le marché mondial des terres rares.
Yasuhiro Kato, un chercheur de l’université de Tokyo, a confirmé, pour la première fois, que son équipe d’experts avait réussi à identifier, l’an dernier, dans les boues prélevées au fond du Pacifique, de gigantesques quantités de terres rares. Des analyses auraient été réalisées sur près de 80 sites, situés entre
3 000 et 6 000 mètres de profondeur dans les eaux internationales autour de Hawaii et à l’est de Tahiti.
Lire l'intégralité sur http://www.liberation.fr/terre/01012347349-des-terres-de-moins-en-moins-rares
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